Dear Boston,
I've never visited you.
I know that that's a strange way to begin, and of course I don't mean it as a slight against you. I'm just stating a fact: I've never visited you.
I've always wanted to, though, and that must count for something, right? I've heard great things about you. A bunch of people whose opinions I really respect have highly recommended you. I've planned a fantasy vacation (which my husband has nicknamed The Dead Author Tour of New England) that involves you.
I don't really have any great reasons for not having visited you, to be honest. It just never seemed to be the right time, and our vacations often get eaten by visiting various family members, and travelling with a toddler isn't exactly optimal.
But still, I've always meant to visit you.
The truth is, I think that you might be partially responsible for my existence on this earth. And as much as this life can sometimes be a rocky ride, I'm still grateful that I'm here. I'm the type of person who occasionally likes to consider of all the things that somehow coalesced so that I, this particular me, could happen to be born into this particular time on this particular planet, and the thing is, Boston, you play a small part in that story.
Let me explain.
My great-grandfather, William Cave, had what would be considered by most standards to be a pretty miserable childhood. He grew up poor in Halifax's north end, living in a flat with his parents, his two sisters, and his grandmother. Things were tough but manageable until the cold, damp climate, inadequate nutrition and limited access to healthcare began to take their toll on his family. When my great-grandfather was nine, his sister Agnes Pearl, aged 11, died of tuberculosis. The next year, his sister Annie Florence died, also of tuberculosis, at the age of sixteen. In 1915 his mother, Louisa, died, and in 1916 his grandmother, Mariah, died -- both of tuberculosis.
My great-grandfather rarely spoke about his childhood. I've seen photographs of Agnes and Annie, and I've visited their graves, but beyond that, I don't know much about them. In the picture of Agnes that my grandmother has, she's very blond, her hair tied back in an enormous bow, and sits in a chair clutching a doll. Annie is older in her picture, and is standing in front of a white fence wearing a long black coat; she has dark hair and eyes that slant upwards like mine.
In 1917, my great-grandfather was 14-years-old. On the morning of December 6 of that year he was getting ready to start his first day of work at a nearby newspaper plant. He happened to be running late. This fact would prove to be incredibly lucky.
Halifax, like many port towns, tends to profit during wartime, what with all the troops and ships and military big-wigs passing through. On the morning of December 6th, 1917, the harbour and the Bedford Basin were full of big boats, each one crowded with dozens, maybe even hundreds, of crewmen and soldiers on their way to the front. Halifax's waterfront was packed with people, either working or hurrying to their school or job. Some were just out for a walk, enjoying the nice weather and taking in the excitement of all the ships' comings and goings.
Every account I've ever read of that day has said that it was bright and sunny, the sky clear and the air sharp and bracing.
In order to get from Halifax Harbour into Bedford Basin, a ship has to pass through a strait called the Narrows. On the morning of December 17th, two ships, the Norwegian Imo, which was bringing relief supplies to Belgium, and the French Mont-Blanc, collided in the narrows. The Mont-Blanc caught fire.
What very few people knew was that the Mont-Blanc was a munitions ship carrying TNT, picric acid, benzol and guncotton. Once fire was added to that mix, she became a floating bomb. The captain ordered his crew to abandon ship, and they fled in lifeboats to the Dartmouth side of the harbour. The Mont-Blanc drifted towards Halifax and came to rest at Pier 6, which lay at the bottom of Richmond Street.
As black smoke filled the sky, even more people flocked down to the harbour to watch the ship burn. A few of the dock workers knew what kind of cargo the Mont-Blanc's was carrying, and tried to evacuate the waterfront, but they were unsuccessful.
One sailor made his way to the Richmond Railway Yards to tell men working there, Vince Coleman and William Lovett, about the coming explosion. Lovett fled, but Coleman realized that there was a train due in the station within minutes. He stayed behind to send a series of urgent telegraph messages to the train, saying,
"Hold up the train. Ammunition ship afire in harbor making for Pier 6 and will explode. Guess this will be my last message. Good-bye boys."
At 9:04:35 am, the Mont-Blanc's highly volatile cargo exploded. The ship disintegrated, and the blast travelled at more than 1,000 metres per second. A mushroom cloud rose into the air and hung over the city. Tremors from the blast were felt as far away as Cape Breton and Prince Edward Island. The harbour floor was briefly exposed, then a tsunami formed as water rushed to fill the void.
Halifax was devastated.
The north end was levelled, with huge brick factories reduced to little more than rubble and wooden houses flattened as if smashed by a giant's hand. Fires raged everywhere, sometimes consuming entire city blocks. Hundreds were blinded by shards of glass as thousands of windows were shattered by the shockwave.
Fireman Billy Wells, who was thrown and stripped naked by the force of the explosion, described the immediate aftermath:
"The sight was awful, with people hanging out of windows dead. Some with their heads missing, and some thrown onto the overhead telegraph wires."
That night there was a terrible snow storm, and many people who had survived but been left homeless by the blast had nowhere to go. A city of canvas tents was set up in the Halifax Commons, but the shelter they offered was meagre at best, and anyway, there weren't enough to go around. People froze to death in the city that had, up until a few hours before, been on fire.
It's estimated that 2,000 people died in the Halifax Explosion and its immediate aftermath, and 9,000 people were injured, 6,000 of them seriously. Nearly 2,000 homes were completely destroyed, and 12,000 homes were badly damaged. More Nova Scotian residents were killed in the Halifax Explosion than died in combat during World War I.
And my great-grandfather? Well, he was late for work, which meant that he was out in the middle of the street when the blast happened. As it turned out, this was the best place for him. The newspaper plant where he was supposed to be working was destroyed in the explosion, and his house was a pile of rubble. Had he been in either building, he likely would have died.
His aunt and uncle died, and so did all of their children. A few of his neighbours died. Many of his friends and family were badly injured. He couldn't find his father after the blast, and had to wait until the next day to learn whether or not he was safe. Miraculously, his father didn't have a scratch on him.
So what does any of this have to do with Boston?
Well, Boston was the first city to send relief to Halifax. The Boston Red Cross and the Massachusetts Public Safety Committee in particular collected money and supplies to send to Halifax. They didn't care that the victims of the explosion weren't Americans; they didn't care that they were in the middle of a war and resources were tight. They did it anyway, because it was the right thing to do.
And when I imagine my great-grandfather in the aftermath the explosion, homeless and shivering in the sudden storm, alone and not knowing whether his only family member was still alive, I can't help but think that Boston must have somehow helped him get through that long night. Boston must have been a part of what kept him going through the days and weeks that followed, as he and his father tried to put their life back together.
Boston, who clothed and fed and sheltered Halifax when they were in need.
Boston, who sent help without a second thought.
Boston, the city that now needs our help.
Halifax has a long memory. This is a trait that is, in my experience, both charming and irritating. It means that after you've lived in Halifax for a few years, everyone in the city knows your all your business and remembers every single stupid thing you've ever done. You can never live anything down in Halifax. If you stay there long enough, an act as simple as walking through its streets becomes tricky, because you feel like even the buildings and trees are passing judgment on you.
But sometimes Halifax's long memory is lovely. Halifax doesn't forget the awful things you've done, but it doesn't forget the good ones, either. And Halifax has never forgotten that Boston was there to help first, before even the rest of Canada was able to respond. Halifax sends a Christmas tree to Boston every year, and that tree is lit on the Boston Common. Haligonians traditionally cheer for Boston sports teams. Halifax calls Boston its sister city.
And now, Nova Scotia, the province that can barely afford to feed its own residents, has pledged to donate $50,000 to the Boston Children's Hospital. While announcing this, Nova Scotia premier Darryl Dexter said,
"When we were in need, Bostonians were there. There is a border and hundreds of miles between us, but Massachusetts is always close to the hearts of Nova Scotians. We will do everything we can to support our neighbours and friends in their time of need. Boston's resilience and fighting spirit will persevere."
And he's exactly right. About everything.
So I guess, Boston, what I really want to say is thank you. Thank you for helping us when we were down. Thank you for saving my great-grandfather. Thank you for my life.
I've never met you, but I love you.
The days and weeks ahead of you will be really fucking tough, but I just want you to know that we're up here, cheering you on. We're here to help if you need it. We know that your spirit will only grow stronger in the face of this adversity. We know that you will fucking beat this.
And also, we haven't forgotten.
Hope to see you someday soon!
Sincerely,
Annabelle
