(01 of20)
Open Image ModalThe best methods to avoid bear encounters are:(02 of20)
Open Image ModalBE ALERT (credit:Flickr:Edna Winti)
(03 of20)
Open Image ModalKeep your ears open. Do no wear earphones while on trails. (credit:Flickr:jennypdx)
(04 of20)
Open Image ModalWatch for fresh bear signs. Tracks, scat and digs indicate that a bear has been in the area. Leave the area if the signs are fresh or if you encounter carrion. (credit:WikiMedia:)
(05 of20)
Open Image ModalShouting regularly or singing loudly is far more effective than using bear bells. (credit:AP)
(06 of20)
Open Image ModalKeep your dog on a leash or leave it at home. (credit:Flickr:HockeyholicAZ)
(07 of20)
Open Image ModalCarry and know how to use bear spray. (credit:Flickr:jkbrooks85)
(08 of20)
Open Image ModalTravel in groups and during daylight whenever possible. (credit:Flickr:lratz)
If you encounter a bear...(09 of20)
Open Image ModalSTOP! STAY CALM. Your calm behaviour can reassure the bear. Screams or sudden movements may trigger an attack. (credit:Flickr:Jeremy Bronson)
(10 of20)
Open Image ModalNEVER RUN - running may cause the bear to pursue you. As well, pick up small children and stay in a group. (credit:AP)
(11 of20)
Open Image ModalBears may approach or stand on their hind legs to get a better look at you or to pick up your scent. This is their way of identifying you and is not an aggressive response. (credit:AP)
(12 of20)
Open Image ModalBE HUMAN. Speak to the bear calmly and firmly. This indicates that you are not a prey animal. Appear passive. (credit:AP)
(13 of20)
Open Image ModalIf you have bear (pepper) spray, get your hands on it and be ready to use it. Take note of the direction and strength of the wind. (credit:Flickr:jjandames)
(14 of20)
Open Image ModalKeep your backpack, hiking poles and other equipment - they can provide protection. (credit:Flickr:cascade.cyclist)
If the bear approaches you(15 of20)
Open Image ModalRemain calm and prepare to use your bear spray. Assess the bear's behaviour and try to determine why it is approaching. (credit:AP)
If the bear appears defensive(16 of20)
Open Image ModalA defensive bear will appear stressed or agitated and may make noise. Try to appear non-threatening to the bear and talk in a calm voice. Whenever the bear is not advancing, slowly move away without turning your back to the bear.If the bear continues to advance, stand your ground and keep talking. If the bear approaches to within 12 metres (40 feet) - approximately the length of school bus - use your bear spray. (credit:AP)
If the bear does not appear defensive(17 of20)
Open Image ModalSpeak in a firm voice and move out of the bear's path. If it follows you, stop and stand your ground.Shout and act aggresively.Try to intimidate the bear. Pick up a stick and/or raise hiking poles above your head to appear larger. If it approaches to within 12 m (40 feet), use your bear spray. (credit:AP)
If a bear attacks you and it is a defensive attack(18 of20)
Open Image ModalUse your bear spray.If the bear makes contact with you, play dead! Playing dead involves lying on your stomach with your legs spread apart and your hands interlaced behind your neck to protect it. Having your legs spread makes it harder for the bear to roll you over. Remain still until you are sure the bear has left the area.Defensive attacks usually do not exceed two minutes in duration. In most cases, injuries are relatively minor. If an attack lasts longer, it is possible that the defensive attack has become predatory. (credit:AP)
If it is a predatory attack..(19 of20)
Open Image ModalTry to escape! A car or building may provide safe refuge. If you cannot escape, DO NOT play dead. (credit:Getty Images)
(20 of20)
Open Image ModalUse your bear spray and fight back! Make lots of noise, throw rocks, hit the animal with a branch or your poles - do everything you can to dissuade the bear from continuing the attack. (credit:AP)