Definitive Proof That Life Isn't Fair, In 2 Charts

Definitive Proof That Life Isn't Fair, In 2 Charts
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It's a bummer, but it's true. And in a new paper by economists at Harvard and the University of California at Berkeley, we found a couple of charts that show how the life we're born into determines the life we lead.

Let's first take a look at this chart, which shows the extremely linear relationship between how rich a woman's parents are and how likely she is to give birth as a teenager:

As you can see, the correlation is stark: The wealthier the daughter, the less likely she is to get pregnant in her teens. And while past research has found teen pregnancy doesn't necessarily lead to more economic strains -- one expert once told the New York Times in 2012 that it is a “a symptom, not a cause” of poverty -- it certainly limits opportunity for some. The opportunity to go to college, for instance, is one more thing that's determined in large part by mom and dad's pay:

With this chart, the effect on income is more clear. Study after study has found that the best way to improve one's lot in life in the long term is to nab a college degree. But that remains much, much easier for rich kids than it does for those at the bottom rung of society. Or as the authors of the report so wonkily put it:

"These substantial correlations suggest that much of the divergence in outcomes between children from low vs. high income families emerges well before they enter the labor market[.]"

CLARIFICATION: A previous version of this post said the first chart tracked teenage pregnancy against parental income rank. It tracks teenage birth rates against parental income rank, as you can see in the chart.

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Before You Go

How Increasing Income Inequality Leads To Less Opportunity
The Great Gatsby Curve(01 of05)
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"The Great Gatsby Curve shows that children born in countries with high levels of income inequality will experience less economic mobility on average than children born in more equal countries," the Center for American Progress reports. (credit:Center for American Progress)
Getting Ahead(02 of05)
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"Economic mobility is determined by three major institutions that all interact with income inequality: the family, the market, and the state. Changes in any of these three areas affect the rate of mobility in a country, "the Center for American Progress reports. (credit:Center for American Progress)
Parents Matter(03 of05)
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"Countries with high levels of income inequality also have higher levels of teenage parenthood. Teenage parents cannot invest in their children as much as other parents can due to their lower average incomes and lower levels of human capital, which harms the chances for opportunities for their children," the Center for American Progress reports. (credit:Center for American Progress)
Labor Market Inequality Matters(04 of05)
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"Countries also have lower levels of intergenerational economic mobility when the difference between the pay of college graduates and noncollege graduates is larger," the Center for American Progress reports. (credit:Center for American Progress)
Access To Education Matters(05 of05)
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"Access to high-quality education is also important, as countries have lower levels of economic mobility when a child’s educator is more determined by who educated her parent," the Center for American Progress reports. (credit:Center for American Progress)