How 5 Women Engineered Trump’s Greatest Commercial Success

What made him successful in the 1980s is now only a distant memory.
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Walking down Fifth Avenue, Donald Trump goes unnoticed by sidewalk crowds during lunchtime on August 28, 1990.
New York Post Archives via Getty Images

Donald Trump is touted (mostly by himself) as a great businessman and real estate developer. He claims to have had countless successes, yet his portfolio is littered with mediocre buildings and bankruptcies. He probably made the most money on his “The Apprentice” series, but the best structure he ever built was, and always be, the Trump Tower on 5th Avenue. Trump Tower is his home and office, and when it opened in 1983, it was the most celebrated building in the world.  

Much has changed in society and much has been done to change Trump Tower, but it still remains a New York icon. Although its retail mall no longer houses the international giants it once did, and a deal with Gucci changed the look of the building’s lobby, it is still a major tourist attraction because of its bronze and glass atrium, with walls and floors of exquisite pink marble. Praised by architectural critics, in its prime, Trump Tower commanded the highest ever retail rents and condominium prices. In the era of Reaganomics, ridiculous interest rates, foreign money seeking safe havens in New York, Dynasty and Dallas style worship of extravagance, Trump Tower was the “it” building ― the place to live or visit, to buy luxury items, or gawk at the celebrities that did.  

Trump Tower was created by Donald Trump. With his masterful salesmanship, braggadocio and great flair for PR, he made something out of nothing. A new and not terribly well-known developer took a good piece of real estate and turned it into a landmark. But he did not do this himself, and he probably could not have done it without the “dream team” of women he assembled for the project. 

“He called me a 'killer' because I excelled in the man’s world of construction and didn’t take guff from anyone, including him.”

Louise Sunshine, a formidable woman with political and social connections you only dream about was a close advisor and headed up apartment sales. Joan Siegal, a veteran retail leasing agent with unparalleled style and savvy, brought in the international shops that made the building the first successful vertical mall in the country without an anchor. Lorraine Borden, with her Great Scott Advertising, packaged the project for ultimate exposure and created a buzz here and abroad. I was in charge of overseeing the construction of the building. The fifth member of the team and, often times, the most important was Trump’s wife Ivana, whom he trusted more than anyone else in the world, and who was very involved in design of everything, right down to the Busbies worn by the doormen. She was often was my “go to” person when I needed something from Donald.

Trump liked strong women. He said that “men are better than women, but a good woman is better than 10 good men.” He believed this because he thought, and rightfully so for the times, and maybe even today, that women have to work harder and try harder than men in the same roles. Women have to prove themselves and men don’t. He called me a “killer” because I excelled in the man’s world of construction and didn’t take guff from anyone, including him. He observed me working as a superintendent for the general contractor on his Grand Hyatt and hired me away from them with the promise that I would be in charge of the greatest building ever built. And for that moment in time, he was right.

I am no killer, although I am sure he thinks we all were. In our own ways, we all stood up to Donald. Sometimes we won. I always negotiated fairly with the subcontractors and got Trump to pay what I agreed, although it sometimes meant horrible fights. On the other hand, Louise and I tried to get him to put higher quality finishes in the apartments and he refused, saying whatever he puts in, people will remove anyway. Trump was often unfair and very tough. He treated us just like the men and no one escaped his abuse. But he was also supportive and heaped praise on us publicly. Trump often singled me out, calling me “fantastic on the stump” when he talked about hiring me. Being who he is, not only is he the best, but everyone who worked for him had to be, too.

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Barbara Res on a platform above a Fifth Avenue construction site on December 9, 1980.
New York Daily News Archive via Getty Images

Trump trusted his team and we delivered. When we had a topping out party, it was Louise who got the mayor and governor to attend. This was unheard of. They all spoke, then Evangeline Gouletas Carey, the governor’s wife, introduced me as the woman who made it happen, saying she had done the same kind of work. Not that she ever was an engineer working in construction, buy why nit pick? The building got enormous press coverage. When we had the grand opening, it was even more glorious. All the networks covered it, and we were on the cover of the Daily News magazine with a major story. I got Donald his building on time and the way he wanted it. I made a lot of money for him, and he, in turn, made a lot of money for his partner Equitable. Everybody was happy.

Donald has changed tremendously since the Trump Tower years. What he says about women is abhorrent. He appears to take advice from nobody and when he is wrong, he cannot take criticism. He always attacked back tenfold to what he received but now he has taken that to a hundred fold. Where he hired the “best” people, he now surrounds himself with sycophants and yes men. And I say men, because with the exception of KellyAnne and Ivanka, he doesn’t have any women of any stature on tap for big positions so far. Trump was a Democrat. He took mostly moderate positions but was progressive on women’s rights and gay rights. Now he wants to ban abortions and gay marriage. What made him successful in the 1980s is now only a distant memory.

“His Twitter attacks on respected media outlets make him look like a desperate fool. America is watching him very closely, and most people are expecting him to fail.”

Trump convinced the world that his name was synonymous with luxury and that took off. When he made very bad deals, and was on the verge of bankruptcy, his name saved him. He parlayed that into a comeback. “The Apprentice” came along and cemented him. Trump was always very lucky, but his name won’t win the day for him now.  

Donald won the electoral college by running a campaign that exploited fear and bigotry that was built on a mountain of lies fostered by the mainstream media and a misguided FBI. Over 2 million Americans more voted for Clinton over Trump, and his brand has suffered in the country and internationally. Outside the U.S., he is considered by many to be a joke. His recent appointments of hackneyed cronies many of whom are misogynists, racists, anti-Semites, homophobes and Islamophobes is garnering him widespread disapproval, even from within his own party. His Twitter attacks on respected media outlets make him look like a desperate fool. America is watching him very closely, and most people are expecting him to fail.

Right now, Trump is poised to go down as the worst president. He will either be run out of office or defeated in the largest landslide this country has ever seen. If he wants to avoid this, Trump needs to step back and take a page from his own book. He needs to remember when he was a nobody who made something phenomenal out of nothing. He needs to realize he did this by picking the right people, people who were honest with him and told him when he was wrong and were willing to fight. He has a lot of work to do to exceed his success with Trump Tower. Maybe he should start by hiring some women.

Barbara A. Res is an attorney and professional engineer and author of All Alone on the 68th Floor: How One Woman Changed the Face of Construction.  She lives in Old Tappan, New Jersey with her husband, Peter.

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Before You Go

Donald Trump's Environment Guy Doesn't Believe In Climate Change
He does not believe in climate change.(01 of11)
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“There has been a little bit of warming ... but it’s been very modest and well within the range for natural variability, and whether it’s caused by human beings or not, it’s nothing to worry about,” Ebell told Vanity Fair in 2007.

More than 97 percent of scientists agree that the world's climate is warming and it’s caused by human activities. Yet Ebell believes this consensus of climate experts is “phony” and “not based on science.”

In 2015, Ebell called Pope Francis’ encyclical on climate change “scientifically ill informed, economically illiterate, intellectually incoherent and morally obtuse.”

“It is also theologically suspect, and large parts of it are leftist drivel,” he added.
(credit:Getty Images)
Even if climate change is real, he believes there’ll be 'benefits.'(02 of11)
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In a 2006 opinion piece, titled “Love Global Warming,” Ebell waxed lyrical about the potential “benefits” of climate change.

“Yes, rising sea levels, if they happen, would be bad for a lot of people. But a warming trend would be good for other people,” he wrote.

There would be “fewer and less severe big winter storms,” he claimed. And “life in many places would become more pleasant. Instead of 20 below zero in January in Saskatoon, it might be only 10 below. And I don’t think too many people would complain if winters in Minneapolis became more like winters in Kansas City.”

Ebell’s op-ed was full of fallacies.

For one, according to the EPA (which, again, is the agency that Ebell has been tapped to lead the transition of), climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, including winter storms.
(credit:Carlos Barria/Reuters)
No surprise, he's not a scientist.(03 of11)
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A self-described “policy wonk,” Ebell has no scientific experience. He graduated from Colorado College with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy and later studied political theory in the London School of Economics. (credit:YouTube)
He wants to throw out the Clean Power Plan.(04 of11)
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When President Barack Obama unveiled the Clean Power Plan in August last year, it was hailed as the strongest action ever taken by a U.S. commander in chief to combat climate change. The plan, which gives the EPA the authority to regulate carbon pollution from power plants, aims to slash greenhouse gas emissions from power plants by 32 percent by 2030.

Ebell has called the plan “illegal.” He said last year that he hoped the next president would “undo the EPA power plant regs and some of the other regs that are very harmful to our economy.”

Ebell, as the head of the EPA transition, is now “in a position to begin to do just that," The New York Times notes.
(credit:Associated Press)
The fossil fuel industry helps finance his advocacy group.(05 of11)
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Ebell directs environmental and energy policy at the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a libertarian advocacy group that “questions global warming alarmism and opposes energy-rationing policies, including the Kyoto Protocol, cap-and-trade legislation, and EPA regulation of greenhouse gas emissions,” according to its website.

The CEI has a long track record of taking money from the fossil fuel industry. It received $2 million from ExxonMobil from 1998 to 2005, according to Vanity Fair.

The Washington Post reported in 2013 that Marathon Petroleum, Koch Industries, American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity, and American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers were among the donors for CEI’s annual dinner.

Murray Energy Corporation, America’s largest underground coal mining company (and a critic and litigant of the EPA), was the biggest energy donor of the night.

When asked about this on C-Span in 2015, Ebell — who had at first insisted that he doesn’t “represent” companies — admitted that he wasn’t getting as much money from energy firms as he’d like.

“I’d like to see a lot more funding from all of those companies, but unfortunately many of the coal companies are now going bankrupt,” he said. “I would like to have more funding so that I can combat the nonsense put out by the environmental movement.”
(credit:Lee Celano/Reuters)
He helped kill cap-and-trade.(06 of11)
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Ebell previously “helped propel a shift in the political debate around climate change, contributing to the collapse of cap-and-trade legislation in Congress in 2009,” according to Frontline.

The bill, which Ebell called a “disaster,” would have seen limits set on the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted nationally.
(credit:Associated Press)
He chairs a group focused on 'dispelling the myths of global warming.'(07 of11)
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The Cooler Heads Coalition, an ad-hoc group that Ebell leads, says its mission is “dispelling the myths of global warming by exposing flawed economic, scientific, and risk analysis.” (credit:Jorge Adorno/Reuters)
He opposes the Paris Agreement on climate change.(08 of11)
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The Paris Agreement, which came into force on Nov. 4, is the most significant climate accord ever signed.

Ebell has been a vocal critic of the deal, calling Obama’s joining of the treaty “unconstitutional.”
(credit:How Hwee Young/Getty Images)
He’s worked to reduce protections for endangered species.(09 of11)
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Earlier in his career, Ebell worked for then-Rep. John Shadegg (R-Ariz.) in an effort to rework the Endangered Species Act so it would involve “as little regulation as possible” and be “more respectful of property rights.” (credit:Tom Brakefield/Fuse)
He’s lobbied for the tobacco industry.(10 of11)
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Jeremy Symons, senior advisor of the Environmental Defense Fund, says Ebell was involved in a "broad campaign" in the 1990s to help tobacco company Philip Morris make "regulating the tobacco industry ‘politically unpalatable.'"

Philip Morris also funded Ebell's group CEI in the 1990s. At the time, CEI was pushing the idea of “safer cigarettes.”
(credit:Associated Press)
He’s proud to be loathed(11 of11)
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In a biography Ebell himself submitted when he testified before Congress, he boasted that he'd been listed by Greenpeace as a "climate criminal" and global warming "misleader" by Rolling Stone magazine.

"The Clean Air Trust in March 2001 named Mr. Ebell its 'Villain of the Month' for his role in convincing the Bush Administration not to regulate carbon dioxide emissions," the bio continued.
(credit:Sean Gallup/Getty Images)